Living in a Network Centric World

Objectives

• Describe how networks impact our daily lives.
• Describe the role of data networking in the human network.
• Identify the key components of any data network.
• Identify the opportunities and challenges posed by converged networks.
• Describe the characteristics of network architectures: fault tolerance, scalability, quality of service and
• security.
• Install and use IRC clients and a Wiki server.

How Networks Impact Daily Life

• Explain the benefits of instantaneous communication and how it supports and improves our lives.

• Describe the characteristics and purpose of popular communication media such as, IM, Wikis , Blogs, Podcasting, and Collaboration Tools

– Instant messaging
•  Real time communication between 2 or more people based on typed text
–  Weblogs (Blogs)
• Web pages created by an individual
–  Podcasting
•  Website that contains audio files available for downloading

•  Explain ways that using information networks to share and collaborate improves teaching and learning

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Communicating over the Network

Objectives

• Describe the structure of a network, including the devices and media that are necessary for successful communications.
• Explain the function of protocols in network communications.
• Explain the advantages of using a layered model to describe network functionality.
• Describe the role of each layer in two recognized network models: The TCP/IP model and the OSI model. Describe the importance of addressing and naming
• schemes in network communications

Network Structure

1.  Define the elements of communication

• 3 common elements of communication

•  message source
•  the channel
•  message destination

      2. Define a network

• data or information networks capable of carrying many different types of communications

     3. Describe how messages are communicated

• Data is sent across a network in small “chunks” called segments

       4. Define the components of a network

–  Network components

• hardware
• software

     5. End Devices and their Role in the Network

–  End devices form interface with human network & communications network
–  Role of end devices:

• client
• server
• both client and server

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Application Layer Functionality and Protocols

Objectives

• Define the application layer as the source and destination of data for communication across networks.
• Explain the role of protocols in supporting communication between server and client processes.
• Describe the features, operation, and use of well-known TCP/IP application layer services (HTTP, DNS, SMTP).

Applications – The Interface Between Human and Data Networks

• Explain that applications provide the means for generating and receiving data that can be transported on the network

• Explain the role of applications, services and protocols in converting communication to data that can be transferred across the data network

• Define the separate roles applications, services and protocols play in transporting data through networks

• Describe the role protocols play in networking and be able to identify several message properties that can be defined by a protocol

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OSI Transport Layer

Objectives

• Explain the role of Transport Layer protocols andservices in supporting communications across data networks
• Analyze the application and operation of TCP mechanisms that support reliability
• Analyze the application and operation of TCP mechanisms that support reassembly and manage data loss.
• Analyze the operation of UDP to support communicate between two processes on end devices

Transport Layer Role and Services

• Explain the purpose of the Transport layer

•  Major functions of the transport layer and the role it plays in data networks

• Supporting Reliable Communication

• Identify the basic characteristics of the UDP and TCP protocols

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Data Communication Models

Contents

• Explanation of the OSI model and seven layers
• The function of each layer
• The process of communication between devices
• TCP / IP model

Encapsulation/Decapsulation

What is OSI model?

• Open Systems Interconnection model is fundamental to all communications between network devices.
• Dikembangkan pada 1974 oleh ISO setelah digunakan protokol TCP/IP suite oleh American Department of Defence.
• Terakhir telah di adopsi pada 1977. Sekarang dijadikan model teori (theoretical model ) untuk menjelaskankan bagaimana komunikasi antara devais jaringan.

What is "seven layers"?
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Networking Basics

• A network is, fundamentally, a system of senders and receivers – a common feature of any communication system.
• The sender, or source, is a computer which sends information to another.
• The receiver, or destination computer, is the computer to which the information is sent.
• Any machine capable of communicating on the network is a device or node.In order to communicate the devices must be connected to each other.
• Most networks are connected by cable.
• Cables can use either copper or optical fibre to carry the signals
• Radio and microwave transmission are becoming increasingly common.
• If two or more networks are connected to each other this is known as an internetwork

Communication Model Diagram

Communications Data Model

Categories of Networks (1)

• A network which covers a single floor, or perhaps an entire building, is known as a Local Area Network (LAN).
• LANs connected using high speed links across a metropolitan area is known as a MAN.
• If the public switched telephone network is used to connect the networks this is known as a Wide Area Network, or WAN.
• If a number of LANs are connected to a larger central network this is known as a Backbone Network, or BN (eg University of Wolverhampton).

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Transmission Media

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